{"id":15073,"date":"2026-10-10T07:47:46","date_gmt":"2026-10-10T07:47:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/?page_id=15073"},"modified":"2026-10-10T07:54:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-10T07:54:13","slug":"passivation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/ko\/passivation\/","title":{"rendered":"\ud53c\ub9c9 \ucc98\ub9ac"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"15073\" class=\"elementor elementor-15073\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b98a07f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b98a07f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-903c33e elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"903c33e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- WELDO Stainless Steel Passivation \u00b7 Block 01: Hero -->\n<section id=\"weldo-passivation-overview\" aria-labelledby=\"weldo-passivation-title\">\n  <style>\n    #weldo-passivation-overview,\n    #weldo-passivation-overview *{box-sizing:border-box}\n    #weldo-passivation-overview{font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#1d2939;background:#fff;padding:52px 20px}\n    #weldo-passivation-overview .wpo-wrap{max-width:1120px;margin:0 auto;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(300px,460px) minmax(0,1fr);gap:50px;align-items:center}\n    #weldo-passivation-overview .wpo-copy{max-width:620px}\n    #weldo-passivation-overview .wpo-kicker{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:9px;margin:0 0 14px;color:#2E3192;font-size:14px;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase}\n    #weldo-passivation-overview .wpo-kicker:before{content:\"\";width:30px;height:2px;border-radius:2px;background:#2E3192}\n    #weldo-passivation-overview h1{margin:0 0 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class=\"wpo-copy\">\n      <p class=\"wpo-kicker\">CNC Stainless Steel Finishing<\/p>\n      <h1 id=\"weldo-passivation-title\">  Passivation<\/h1>\n      <p class=\"wpo-description\">Passivation improves the corrosion resistance and surface cleanliness of Custom stainless steel parts.<\/p>\n      <a class=\"wpo-button\" href=\"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/file-upload\/\">Get a Quote<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1d4cca elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"e1d4cca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- Paste this entire block into one Elementor HTML widget. -->\n<style>\n#weldo-passivation-capabilities{--primary:#2f3192;--primary-dark:#22246d;--cyan:#4f9eb8;--ink:#182038;--muted:#5f687c;--line:#dfe4ef;--pale:#f5f7fc;--white:#fff;--gold:#d7b26d;--shadow:0 18px 44px rgba(25,34,75,.10);--radius:18px;width:100%;margin:0;background:#fff;color:var(--ink);font-family:Inter,ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.72;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}\n#weldo-passivation-capabilities,#weldo-passivation-capabilities *,#weldo-passivation-capabilities *::before,#weldo-passivation-capabilities *::after{box-sizing:border-box}\n#weldo-passivation-capabilities a{color:inherit}\n#weldo-passivation-capabilities p{margin:0 0 1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-capabilities h1,#weldo-passivation-capabilities h2,#weldo-passivation-capabilities h3{margin:0;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.35}\n#weldo-passivation-capabilities h1{font-size:clamp(30px,3vw,35px);letter-spacing:-.035em}\n#weldo-passivation-capabilities h2{font-size:clamp(1.65rem,2.5vw,2.3rem);letter-spacing:-.025em}\n#weldo-passivation-capabilities h3{font-size:1.1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-capabilities .container{width:min(1140px,calc(100% - 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td:first-child{background:#f3f4fb!important}\n#weldo-passivation-capabilities .responsive-table td:last-child{border-bottom:0}\n}\n@media(max-width:420px){\n#weldo-passivation-capabilities .responsive-table td{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:4px}\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<section class=\"section\" id=\"weldo-passivation-capabilities\">\n    <div class=\"container\">\n      <div class=\"section-heading\">\n        <div><p class=\"eyebrow\">PROCESS CAPABILITIES<\/p><h2>Key Passivation Capabilities<\/h2><\/div>\n        <p>Before quoting, we confirm the material, heat treatment condition, contamination type, applicable standard, acceptance method, and lead time.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"responsive-table\">\n        <table>\n          <thead><tr><th>Item<\/th><th>Capability<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n          <tbody>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Item\">Core materials<\/td><td data-label=\"Capability\">304, 304L, 316, 316L, 303, 410, 420, 440C, 17-4PH, and other approved stainless steels<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Item\">Process options<\/td><td data-label=\"Capability\">Nitric acid passivation, citric acid passivation, pickling followed by passivation, and drawing-specified processes<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Item\">Standards<\/td><td data-label=\"Capability\">ASTM A967\/A967M, ASTM A380\/A380M, AMS 2700, and customer specifications<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Item\">Application methods<\/td><td data-label=\"Capability\">Immersion, spray, circulation, and approved localized treatment<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Item\">Inspection records<\/td><td data-label=\"Capability\">Visual and dimensional inspection, free-iron verification, specified corrosion testing, and certificates of conformity<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Item\">Volume and lead time<\/td><td data-label=\"Capability\">Prototypes, small batches, and production orders; standard custom parts typically ship in 3\u201315 days<\/td><\/tr>\n          <\/tbody>\n        <\/table>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c844a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"6c844a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- Paste this entire block into one Elementor HTML widget. -->\n<style>\n#weldo-passivation-definition{--primary:#2f3192;--primary-dark:#22246d;--cyan:#4f9eb8;--ink:#182038;--muted:#5f687c;--line:#dfe4ef;--pale:#f5f7fc;--white:#fff;--gold:#d7b26d;--shadow:0 18px 44px rgba(25,34,75,.10);--radius:18px;width:100%;margin:0;background:#fff;color:var(--ink);font-family:Inter,ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.72;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}\n#weldo-passivation-definition,#weldo-passivation-definition *,#weldo-passivation-definition 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.definition-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:38px}\n#weldo-passivation-definition .film-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}\n}\n@media(max-width:720px){\n#weldo-passivation-definition .container{width:min(100% - 36px,1140px)}\n#weldo-passivation-definition.section{padding:50px 0}\n#weldo-passivation-definition .benefit-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}\n#weldo-passivation-definition .film-thickness{padding:20px}\n#weldo-passivation-definition .film-heading{display:block}\n#weldo-passivation-definition .film-heading p{margin-top:8px}\n#weldo-passivation-definition .film-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<section class=\"section pale\" id=\"weldo-passivation-definition\">\n    <div class=\"container\">\n      <div class=\"definition-grid\">\n        <div>\n          <p class=\"eyebrow\">PROCESS OVERVIEW<\/p>\n          <h2>What Is Passivation?<\/h2>\n          <p class=\"large-copy\">Stainless steel passivation uses controlled cleaning and acid treatment to remove free iron from the surface and promote a stable chromium-rich oxide film. This nanometer-scale film preserves the original part dimensions, making the process suitable for holes, threads, sealing surfaces, and precision fits.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"benefit-grid\">\n          <article><span>01<\/span><h3>Remove Free Iron<\/h3><p>Removes iron contamination transferred during machining, grinding, and fixturing.<\/p><\/article>\n          <article><span>02<\/span><h3>Restore Corrosion Resistance<\/h3><p>Establishes a clean, continuous, chromium-rich surface that reduces early corrosion.<\/p><\/article>\n          <article><span>03<\/span><h3>Preserve Dimensions<\/h3><p>The nanometer-scale passive film suits tight tolerances, threads, and precision mating surfaces.<\/p><\/article>\n          <article><span>04<\/span><h3>Improve Cleanliness<\/h3><p>Controlled rinsing, drying, and packaging reduce residual acid, water marks, and secondary iron contamination.<\/p><\/article>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"film-thickness\">\n        <div class=\"film-heading\">\n          <h3>Typical Passivation and Conversion Film Thicknesses<\/h3>\n          <p>These ranges support preliminary process selection. Final acceptance follows the material standard, coating mass, performance testing, or drawing requirements.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"film-grid\">\n          <article><strong>Stainless steel<\/strong><span>Approx. 1\u20135 nm<\/span><p>Naturally formed chromium-rich oxide film.<\/p><\/article>\n          <article><strong>Aluminum alloys<\/strong><span>Approx. 0.05\u20131 \u03bcm<\/span><p>Alodine or chromium-free chemical conversion coating.<\/p><\/article>\n          <article><strong>Zinc coatings<\/strong><span>Approx. 0.05\u20130.5 \u03bcm<\/span><p>Trivalent chromium or chromium-free post-plating passivation.<\/p><\/article>\n          <article><strong>Copper alloys<\/strong><span>Approx. 0.01\u20130.2 \u03bcm<\/span><p>Organic anti-tarnish or corrosion-inhibiting film.<\/p><\/article>\n          <article><strong>Magnesium alloys<\/strong><span>Approx. 0.5\u20135 \u03bcm<\/span><p>Dedicated chromium-free chemical conversion coating.<\/p><\/article>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-938134c elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"938134c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- Paste this entire block into one Elementor HTML widget. -->\n<style>\n#weldo-passivation-process{--primary:#2f3192;--primary-dark:#22246d;--cyan:#4f9eb8;--ink:#182038;--muted:#5f687c;--line:#dfe4ef;--pale:#f5f7fc;--white:#fff;--gold:#d7b26d;--shadow:0 18px 44px rgba(25,34,75,.10);--radius:18px;width:100%;margin:0;background:#fff;color:var(--ink);font-family:Inter,ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.72;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}\n#weldo-passivation-process,#weldo-passivation-process *,#weldo-passivation-process *::before,#weldo-passivation-process *::after{box-sizing:border-box}\n#weldo-passivation-process a{color:inherit}\n#weldo-passivation-process p{margin:0 0 1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-process h1,#weldo-passivation-process h2,#weldo-passivation-process h3{margin:0;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.35}\n#weldo-passivation-process h1{font-size:clamp(30px,3vw,35px);letter-spacing:-.035em}\n#weldo-passivation-process h2{font-size:clamp(1.65rem,2.5vw,2.3rem);letter-spacing:-.025em}\n#weldo-passivation-process h3{font-size:1.1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-process .container{width:min(1140px,calc(100% - 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36px,1140px)}\n#weldo-passivation-process.section{padding:50px 0}\n#weldo-passivation-process .section-heading{display:block;margin-bottom:25px}\n#weldo-passivation-process .section-heading>p{margin-top:12px}\n#weldo-passivation-process .process-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}\n#weldo-passivation-process .process-grid li{min-height:auto}\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<section class=\"section\" id=\"weldo-passivation-process\">\n    <div class=\"container\">\n      <div class=\"section-heading\">\n        <div><p class=\"eyebrow\">CONTROLLED PROCESS<\/p><h2>How Is a Standard Passivation Process Performed?<\/h2><\/div>\n        <p>Each step is controlled for surface cleanliness, material compatibility, and final acceptance.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n      <ol class=\"process-grid\">\n        <li><span>01<\/span><h3>Drawing and Material Review<\/h3><p>Confirm the grade, heat treatment, weld condition, masking areas, and acceptance standard.<\/p><\/li>\n        <li><span>02<\/span><h3>Degreasing and Cleaning<\/h3><p>Remove cutting fluids, lubricants, polishing compounds, and handling residues.<\/p><\/li>\n        <li><span>03<\/span><h3>Pickling or Descaling<\/h3><p>Apply when weld heat tint, heat-treatment scale, rust, or heavy contamination is present.<\/p><\/li>\n        <li><span>04<\/span><h3>Controlled Passivation<\/h3><p>Select a nitric or citric acid system for the material and control concentration, temperature, and time.<\/p><\/li>\n        <li><span>05<\/span><h3>Rinsing and Drying<\/h3><p>Use specified water quality to remove chemical residues, then dry cleanly to prevent staining and recontamination.<\/p><\/li>\n        <li><span>06<\/span><h3>Inspection and Packaging<\/h3><p>Complete visual, dimensional, free-iron, or corrosion verification before contamination-controlled packaging.<\/p><\/li>\n      <\/ol>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f9827a elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"0f9827a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- Paste this entire block into one Elementor HTML widget. -->\n<style>\n#weldo-passivation-systems{--primary:#2f3192;--primary-dark:#22246d;--cyan:#4f9eb8;--ink:#182038;--muted:#5f687c;--line:#dfe4ef;--pale:#f5f7fc;--white:#fff;--gold:#d7b26d;--shadow:0 18px 44px rgba(25,34,75,.10);--radius:18px;width:100%;margin:0;background:#fff;color:var(--ink);font-family:Inter,ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.72;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}\n#weldo-passivation-systems,#weldo-passivation-systems *,#weldo-passivation-systems *::before,#weldo-passivation-systems *::after{box-sizing:border-box}\n#weldo-passivation-systems a{color:inherit}\n#weldo-passivation-systems p{margin:0 0 1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-systems h1,#weldo-passivation-systems h2,#weldo-passivation-systems h3{margin:0;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.35}\n#weldo-passivation-systems h1{font-size:clamp(30px,3vw,35px);letter-spacing:-.035em}\n#weldo-passivation-systems h2{font-size:clamp(1.65rem,2.5vw,2.3rem);letter-spacing:-.025em}\n#weldo-passivation-systems h3{font-size:1.1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-systems .container{width:min(1140px,calc(100% - 48px));margin:0 auto}\n#weldo-passivation-systems.section{padding:74px 0}\n#weldo-passivation-systems.pale{background:var(--pale)}\n#weldo-passivation-systems .eyebrow{margin:0 0 12px;color:var(--primary);font-size:.8rem;font-weight:780;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase}\n#weldo-passivation-systems .section-heading{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.25fr) minmax(270px,.75fr);gap:52px;align-items:end;margin-bottom:34px}\n#weldo-passivation-systems .section-heading>p{color:var(--muted)}\n#weldo-passivation-systems .section-note{margin:18px 0 0;padding-left:16px;border-left:3px solid var(--gold);color:var(--muted);font-size:.94rem}\n#weldo-passivation-systems .system-grid article{padding:23px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;background:#fff}\n#weldo-passivation-systems .system-grid p{margin:8px 0 0;color:var(--muted)}\n#weldo-passivation-systems .system-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:16px}\n#weldo-passivation-systems .eyebrow.light{color:#cfd2ff}\n@media(max-width:720px){\n#weldo-passivation-systems .container{width:min(100% - 36px,1140px)}\n#weldo-passivation-systems.section{padding:50px 0}\n#weldo-passivation-systems .section-heading{display:block;margin-bottom:25px}\n#weldo-passivation-systems .section-heading>p{margin-top:12px}\n#weldo-passivation-systems .system-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<section class=\"section pale\" id=\"weldo-passivation-systems\">\n    <div class=\"container\">\n      <div class=\"section-heading\">\n        <div><p class=\"eyebrow\">PROCESS TYPES<\/p><h2>Common Types of Passivation<\/h2><\/div>\n        <p>The main process routes are nitric acid passivation, citric acid passivation, pickling followed by passivation, and electropolishing followed by passivation.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"system-grid\">\n        <article><h3>Nitric Acid Passivation<\/h3><p>Used when the drawing, AMS 2700, or ASTM A967 specifies a nitric acid system. It removes free iron introduced during machining, with solution type, temperature, and time matched to the stainless steel grade.<\/p><\/article>\n        <article><h3>Citric Acid Passivation<\/h3><p>Used for precision parts without heavy oxide scale when free-iron removal is the primary objective. It suits medical, food-processing, and electronic components when permitted by the specification and verified by testing.<\/p><\/article>\n        <article><h3>Pickling Followed by Passivation<\/h3><p>Used for parts with weld heat tint, heat-treatment scale, rust, or heavy contamination. Pickling removes the affected surface layer before passivation restores a uniform corrosion-resistant surface.<\/p><\/article>\n        <article><h3>Electropolishing Followed by Passivation<\/h3><p>Used when parts require lower microscopic roughness, improved cleanliness, and reduced residue adhesion. Common applications include medical devices, food equipment, semiconductor parts, and hygienic fluid components.<\/p><\/article>\n      <\/div>\n      <p class=\"section-note\">Pickling and electropolishing remove material. Precision holes, sealing surfaces, and mating dimensions should specify material-removal limits, roughness, and final acceptance requirements.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0cd787 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"c0cd787\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- Paste this entire block into one Elementor HTML widget. -->\n<style>\n#weldo-passivation-materials{--primary:#2f3192;--primary-dark:#22246d;--cyan:#4f9eb8;--ink:#182038;--muted:#5f687c;--line:#dfe4ef;--pale:#f5f7fc;--white:#fff;--gold:#d7b26d;--shadow:0 18px 44px rgba(25,34,75,.10);--radius:18px;width:100%;margin:0;background:#fff;color:var(--ink);font-family:Inter,ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.72;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}\n#weldo-passivation-materials,#weldo-passivation-materials *,#weldo-passivation-materials *::before,#weldo-passivation-materials *::after{box-sizing:border-box}\n#weldo-passivation-materials a{color:inherit}\n#weldo-passivation-materials p{margin:0 0 1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-materials h1,#weldo-passivation-materials h2,#weldo-passivation-materials h3{margin:0;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.35}\n#weldo-passivation-materials h1{font-size:clamp(30px,3vw,35px);letter-spacing:-.035em}\n#weldo-passivation-materials h2{font-size:clamp(1.65rem,2.5vw,2.3rem);letter-spacing:-.025em}\n#weldo-passivation-materials h3{font-size:1.1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .container{width:min(1140px,calc(100% - 48px));margin:0 auto}\n#weldo-passivation-materials.section{padding:74px 0}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .eyebrow{margin:0 0 12px;color:var(--primary);font-size:.8rem;font-weight:780;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .section-heading{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.25fr) minmax(270px,.75fr);gap:52px;align-items:end;margin-bottom:34px}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .section-heading>p{color:var(--muted)}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table{width:100%;overflow-x:auto;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;background:#fff;box-shadow:0 10px 30px rgba(25,34,75,.05);-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table table{width:100%;min-width:720px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:.92rem;line-height:1.58}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table th,#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table td{padding:15px 18px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);text-align:left;vertical-align:top}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table th{color:#fff;background:var(--primary);font-size:.88rem}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table td:first-child{width:24%;color:#242b48;font-weight:720}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table tbody tr:nth-child(even) td{background:#fafbfe}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table tbody tr:last-child td{border-bottom:0}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .wide-table table{min-width:850px}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .eyebrow.light{color:#cfd2ff}\n@media(max-width:720px){\n#weldo-passivation-materials .container{width:min(100% - 36px,1140px)}\n#weldo-passivation-materials.section{padding:50px 0}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .section-heading{display:block;margin-bottom:25px}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .section-heading>p{margin-top:12px}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table{overflow:visible;border:0;border-radius:0;background:transparent;box-shadow:none}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table table{display:block;width:100%;min-width:0}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table thead{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table tbody{display:grid;gap:13px}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table tr{display:block;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;background:#fff;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(25,34,75,.05)}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table td{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(105px,34%) minmax(0,1fr);gap:11px;width:100%!important;padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #e6e9f1;background:#fff!important;overflow-wrap:anywhere}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table td:before{content:attr(data-label);color:var(--primary);font-size:.76rem;font-weight:800;line-height:1.5}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table td:first-child{background:#f3f4fb!important}\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table td:last-child{border-bottom:0}\n}\n@media(max-width:420px){\n#weldo-passivation-materials .responsive-table td{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:4px}\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<section class=\"section\" id=\"weldo-passivation-materials\">\n    <div class=\"container\">\n      <div class=\"section-heading\">\n        <div><p class=\"eyebrow\">MATERIAL SCOPE<\/p><h2> Materials  Suit for Passivation<\/h2><\/div>\n        <p>Stainless steels undergo chemical passivation to remove free iron. Aluminum, zinc coatings, copper, and magnesium use their own conversion or anti-tarnish systems.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"responsive-table wide-table\">\n        <table>\n          <thead><tr><th>Material Grade<\/th><th>Treatment and Function<\/th><th>Typical Parts<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n          <tbody>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Material Grade\">304, 304L, 316, 316L<\/td><td data-label=\"Treatment and Function\">Nitric or citric acid passivation removes free iron and restores the corrosion-resistant surface.<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Parts\">Valve bodies, manifolds, pipe fittings, medical devices, and food-equipment components.<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Material Grade\">303<\/td><td data-label=\"Treatment and Function\">Validated passivation parameters control staining and pitting associated with sulfide inclusions.<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Parts\">Precision shafts, spacers, fittings, threaded parts, and locating components.<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Material Grade\">410, 420, 440C<\/td><td data-label=\"Treatment and Function\">Controlled passivation after heat treatment and grinding improves corrosion resistance on hardened parts.<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Parts\">Valve stems, pump shafts, tooling components, wear sleeves, and bearing parts.<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Material Grade\">17-4PH, 15-5PH<\/td><td data-label=\"Treatment and Function\">Passivation after final aging and finishing removes process contamination while preserving dimensions.<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Parts\">Aerospace brackets, valve spools, couplings, and high-strength shafts.<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Material Grade\">2205, 2507<\/td><td data-label=\"Treatment and Function\">Machined parts are passivated directly; welded parts are descaled and cleaned before passivation.<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Parts\">Chemical-service valves, pump components, corrosion-resistant manifolds, and marine connectors.<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Material Grade\">2024, 5052, 6061, 6082, 7075 aluminum<\/td><td data-label=\"Treatment and Function\">Chemical conversion coating improves corrosion protection, coating adhesion, or electrical contact performance.<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Parts\">Electronic enclosures, mounting plates, heat sinks, aerospace brackets, and connector housings.<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Material Grade\">Zinc-plated carbon and alloy steels<\/td><td data-label=\"Treatment and Function\">Trivalent chromium or chromium-free passivation after zinc plating improves resistance to white rust.<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Parts\">Fasteners, brackets, stampings, and equipment connectors.<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Material Grade\">Copper, brass, and magnesium alloys<\/td><td data-label=\"Treatment and Function\">Copper alloys receive anti-tarnish treatment; magnesium alloys use dedicated chemical conversion coatings.<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Parts\">Electrical terminals, brass fittings, magnesium housings, and lightweight structural parts.<\/td><\/tr>\n          <\/tbody>\n        <\/table>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96a7ad4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"96a7ad4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- Paste this entire block into one Elementor HTML widget. -->\n<style>\n#weldo-passivation-comparison{--primary:#2f3192;--primary-dark:#22246d;--cyan:#4f9eb8;--ink:#182038;--muted:#5f687c;--line:#dfe4ef;--pale:#f5f7fc;--white:#fff;--gold:#d7b26d;--shadow:0 18px 44px rgba(25,34,75,.10);--radius:18px;width:100%;margin:0;background:#fff;color:var(--ink);font-family:Inter,ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe 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td:first-child{background:#f3f4fb!important}\n#weldo-passivation-comparison .responsive-table td:last-child{border-bottom:0}\n}\n@media(max-width:420px){\n#weldo-passivation-comparison .responsive-table td{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:4px}\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<section class=\"section pale\" id=\"weldo-passivation-comparison\">\n    <div class=\"container\">\n      <div class=\"section-heading\">\n        <div><p class=\"eyebrow\">PROCESS COMPARISON<\/p><h2> Passivation VS Other Surface Treatments<\/h2><\/div>\n        <p>Select the process according to corrosion protection, dimensional, appearance, and wear requirements.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"responsive-table wide-table\">\n        <table>\n          <thead><tr><th>Process<\/th><th>Primary Function<\/th><th>Dimensional Effect<\/th><th>Typical Applications<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n          <tbody>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Process\">Passivation<\/td><td data-label=\"Primary Function\">Removes free iron and restores the corrosion-resistant stainless steel surface<\/td><td data-label=\"Dimensional Effect\">Nanometer-scale surface film with negligible dimensional effect<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Applications\">Precision stainless steel parts, valve bodies, and medical and food-equipment components<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Process\">Pickling<\/td><td data-label=\"Primary Function\">Removes weld heat tint, scale, rust, and contaminated surface material<\/td><td data-label=\"Dimensional Effect\">Produces controlled material removal<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Applications\">Weldments, heat-processed parts, and heavily oxidized surfaces<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Process\">Electropolishing<\/td><td data-label=\"Primary Function\">Removes a small amount of material and reduces microscopic surface peaks<\/td><td data-label=\"Dimensional Effect\">Requires evaluation of the removal allowance<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Applications\">Hygienic, high-cleanliness, and low-adhesion surfaces<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Process\">Electroplating<\/td><td data-label=\"Primary Function\">Deposits functional nickel, chromium, zinc, or other metallic coatings<\/td><td data-label=\"Dimensional Effect\">Produces measurable coating buildup<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Applications\">Wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, conductive, or decorative parts<\/td><\/tr>\n            <tr><td data-label=\"Process\">Anodizing<\/td><td data-label=\"Primary Function\">Improves wear resistance, corrosion resistance, or electrical insulation on aluminum<\/td><td data-label=\"Dimensional Effect\">Dimensions require allowance for coating thickness<\/td><td data-label=\"Typical Applications\">Aluminum housings, sliding parts, and wear-resistant structural components<\/td><\/tr>\n          <\/tbody>\n        <\/table>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-398b8df elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"398b8df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- Paste this entire block into one Elementor HTML widget. -->\n<style>\n#weldo-passivation-quality{--primary:#2f3192;--primary-dark:#22246d;--cyan:#4f9eb8;--ink:#182038;--muted:#5f687c;--line:#dfe4ef;--pale:#f5f7fc;--white:#fff;--gold:#d7b26d;--shadow:0 18px 44px rgba(25,34,75,.10);--radius:18px;width:100%;margin:0;background:#fff;color:var(--ink);font-family:Inter,ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.72;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}\n#weldo-passivation-quality,#weldo-passivation-quality *,#weldo-passivation-quality *::before,#weldo-passivation-quality *::after{box-sizing:border-box}\n#weldo-passivation-quality a{color:inherit}\n#weldo-passivation-quality p{margin:0 0 1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-quality 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class=\"section\" id=\"weldo-passivation-quality\">\n    <div class=\"container quality-layout\">\n      <div>\n        <p class=\"eyebrow\">QUALITY CONTROL<\/p>\n        <h2>How Is Passivation Quality Inspected?<\/h2>\n        <p class=\"intro\">Passivation produces little visible change on stainless steel, so acceptance relies on controlled testing rather than appearance alone. The inspection plan is selected according to the alloy grade, specification, and service environment.<\/p>\n        <div class=\"check-list\">\n          <article><strong>Appearance and Cleanliness<\/strong><p>Inspect for water marks, residual acid, discoloration, corrosion spots, powdery residue, and handling contamination.<\/p><\/article>\n          <article><strong>Free-Iron Verification<\/strong><p>Select water immersion, high-humidity, copper sulfate, or another specified method; some tests have alloy-specific limitations.<\/p><\/article>\n          <article><strong>Dimensions and Roughness<\/strong><p>Recheck precision holes, threads, sealing surfaces, and critical fits to confirm that pretreatment caused no abnormal attack.<\/p><\/article>\n          <article><strong>Corrosion Testing<\/strong><p>Perform salt spray or application-specific corrosion testing when specified instead of applying one fixed duration to every stainless steel grade.<\/p><\/article>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <aside class=\"defect-panel\">\n        <h3>Common Nonconformities<\/h3>\n        <ul>\n          <li><b>Flash rust:<\/b> Check free iron, rinse-water quality, material inclusions, and drying conditions.<\/li>\n          <li><b>Water marks or staining:<\/b> Check rinse residues, part drainage orientation, and drying cleanliness.<\/li>\n          <li><b>Over-etching or pitting:<\/b> Verify acid concentration, temperature, exposure time, and material compatibility.<\/li>\n          <li><b>Weld-area discoloration:<\/b> Remove weld heat tint completely before passivation.<\/li>\n          <li><b>Failed verification:<\/b> Isolate the lot, determine the cause, approve the rework route, and reinspect.<\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n      <\/aside>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5052ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"f5052ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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6px;color:#d7dcff;font-size:.8rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em}\n#weldo-passivation-applications .application-grid .application-card .application-copy h3{color:#fff;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.32}\n#weldo-passivation-applications .application-grid .application-card .application-copy p{margin:7px 0 0;color:#f0f2fa;font-size:.84rem;line-height:1.42}\n@media(max-width:720px){\n#weldo-passivation-applications .application-grid article.application-card{min-height:290px}\n#weldo-passivation-applications .application-copy{min-height:0}\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<section class=\"section pale\" id=\"weldo-passivation-applications\">\n    <div class=\"container\">\n      <div class=\"section-heading\">\n        <div><p class=\"eyebrow\">PARTS &amp; INDUSTRIES<\/p><h2>Parts and Industries Require Passivation<\/h2><\/div>\n        <p>Passivation protects precision stainless steel parts used in demanding industries.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"application-grid\">\n        <article class=\"application-card\" style=\"--app-image:url('https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Medical-Devices.webp')\"><div class=\"application-copy\"><span>01<\/span><h3>Medical Devices<\/h3><p>Surgical tool parts, connectors, and valve bodies.<\/p><\/div><\/article>\n        <article class=\"application-card\" style=\"--app-image:url('https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Food-and-Pharmaceutical-Equipment.webp')\"><div class=\"application-copy\"><span>02<\/span><h3>Food and Pharmaceutical Equipment<\/h3><p>Agitator shafts, sanitary fittings, and pump parts.<\/p><\/div><\/article>\n        <article class=\"application-card\" style=\"--app-image:url('https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Semiconductor-equipment-parts.webp')\"><div class=\"application-copy\"><span>03<\/span><h3>Semiconductor and Vacuum Equipment<\/h3><p>Vacuum fittings, fluid connectors, and sensor mounts.<\/p><\/div><\/article>\n        <article class=\"application-card\" style=\"--app-image:url('https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Aerospace-assembly-facility.webp')\"><div class=\"application-copy\"><span>04<\/span><h3>Aerospace<\/h3><p>17-4PH brackets, actuator parts, and fasteners.<\/p><\/div><\/article>\n        <article class=\"application-card\" style=\"--app-image:url('https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Automation-equipment-parts.webp')\"><div class=\"application-copy\"><span>05<\/span><h3>Automation and Energy Equipment<\/h3><p>Valve spools, guides, bushings, and manifolds.<\/p><\/div><\/article>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63a6bda elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"63a6bda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- Paste this entire block into one Elementor HTML widget. -->\n<style>\n#weldo-passivation-service{--primary:#2f3192;--primary-dark:#22246d;--cyan:#4f9eb8;--ink:#182038;--muted:#5f687c;--line:#dfe4ef;--pale:#f5f7fc;--white:#fff;--gold:#d7b26d;--shadow:0 18px 44px rgba(25,34,75,.10);--radius:18px;width:100%;margin:0;background:#fff;color:var(--ink);font-family:Inter,ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.72;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}\n#weldo-passivation-service,#weldo-passivation-service *,#weldo-passivation-service *::before,#weldo-passivation-service *::after{box-sizing:border-box}\n#weldo-passivation-service a{color:inherit}\n#weldo-passivation-service p{margin:0 0 1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-service h1,#weldo-passivation-service h2,#weldo-passivation-service h3{margin:0;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.35}\n#weldo-passivation-service h1{font-size:clamp(30px,3vw,35px);letter-spacing:-.035em}\n#weldo-passivation-service h2{font-size:clamp(1.65rem,2.5vw,2.3rem);letter-spacing:-.025em}\n#weldo-passivation-service h3{font-size:1.1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-service .container{width:min(1140px,calc(100% - 48px));margin:0 auto}\n#weldo-passivation-service.section{padding:74px 0}\n#weldo-passivation-service .eyebrow{margin:0 0 12px;color:var(--primary);font-size:.8rem;font-weight:780;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase}\n#weldo-passivation-service .service-points article{padding:23px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:14px;background:#fff}\n#weldo-passivation-service .service-points p{margin:8px 0 0;color:var(--muted)}\n#weldo-passivation-service .service-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,.85fr) minmax(0,1.15fr);gap:58px}\n#weldo-passivation-service .service-grid>div:first-child>p:last-child{margin-top:20px;color:var(--muted)}\n#weldo-passivation-service .service-points{display:grid;gap:13px}\n#weldo-passivation-service .eyebrow.light{color:#cfd2ff}\n@media(max-width:1000px){\n#weldo-passivation-service .service-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:38px}\n}\n@media(max-width:720px){\n#weldo-passivation-service .container{width:min(100% - 36px,1140px)}\n#weldo-passivation-service.section{padding:50px 0}\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<section class=\"section\" id=\"weldo-passivation-service\">\n    <div class=\"container service-grid\">\n      <div>\n        <p class=\"eyebrow\">ONE-STOP PRODUCTION<\/p>\n        <h2>How Does Weldo Control Cost and Lead Time?<\/h2>\n        <p>Weldo combines material sourcing, CNC machining, deburring, cleaning, passivation, inspection, and packaging in one manufacturing plan. Standard custom parts typically ship in 3\u201315 days, while production-order schedules are agreed according to quantity, inspection, and documentation requirements.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"service-points\">\n        <article><strong>Drawing Review First<\/strong><p>Define the material, heat treatment, surface condition, passivation standard, and acceptance method early to reduce rework.<\/p><\/article>\n        <article><strong>Protect Critical Surfaces<\/strong><p>Keep carbon-steel tools and contamination sources away from parts during machining, cleaning, handling, and packaging.<\/p><\/article>\n        <article><strong>Lot Traceability<\/strong><p>Link material lots, process records, and inspection results to each order for repeat production.<\/p><\/article>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61f28f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"61f28f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- Paste this entire block into one Elementor HTML widget. -->\n<style>\n#weldo-passivation-faq{--primary:#2f3192;--primary-dark:#22246d;--cyan:#4f9eb8;--ink:#182038;--muted:#5f687c;--line:#dfe4ef;--pale:#f5f7fc;--white:#fff;--gold:#d7b26d;--shadow:0 18px 44px rgba(25,34,75,.10);--radius:18px;width:100%;margin:0;background:#fff;color:var(--ink);font-family:Inter,ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe UI\",sans-serif;font-size:16px;line-height:1.72;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}\n#weldo-passivation-faq,#weldo-passivation-faq *,#weldo-passivation-faq *::before,#weldo-passivation-faq *::after{box-sizing:border-box}\n#weldo-passivation-faq a{color:inherit}\n#weldo-passivation-faq p{margin:0 0 1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-faq h1,#weldo-passivation-faq h2,#weldo-passivation-faq h3{margin:0;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.35}\n#weldo-passivation-faq h1{font-size:clamp(30px,3vw,35px);letter-spacing:-.035em}\n#weldo-passivation-faq h2{font-size:clamp(1.65rem,2.5vw,2.3rem);letter-spacing:-.025em}\n#weldo-passivation-faq h3{font-size:1.1rem}\n#weldo-passivation-faq .container{width:min(1140px,calc(100% - 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36px,1140px)}\n#weldo-passivation-faq.section{padding:50px 0}\n#weldo-passivation-faq .button,#weldo-passivation-faq .button-light{width:100%}\n#weldo-passivation-faq .quote-panel{align-items:stretch;flex-direction:column;padding:27px 22px}\n}\n<\/style>\n\n<section class=\"section pale\" id=\"weldo-passivation-faq\">\n    <div class=\"container faq-layout\">\n      <div class=\"faq-heading\">\n        <p class=\"eyebrow\">FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS<\/p>\n        <h2>Passivation FAQs<\/h2>\n        <p>Direct answers about dimensions, materials, corrosion resistance, and maintenance.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"faq-list\">\n        <details open><summary>Does passivation change part dimensions?<\/summary><div><p>Standard stainless steel passivation preserves the original part dimensions because the chromium-rich oxide film is only nanometers thick. When pickling or electropolishing is included, the material-removal allowance is incorporated into dimensional control.<\/p><\/div><\/details>\n        <details><summary>Can passivated stainless steel still rust?<\/summary><div><p>Passivated stainless steel can still corrode in high-chloride, continuously wet, or contaminated environments. Matching the alloy to the environment, controlling contact media, and cleaning regularly allow the passive surface to deliver its intended corrosion resistance.<\/p><\/div><\/details>\n        <details><summary>Can 304, 316L, and 303 use the same passivation parameters?<\/summary><div><p>304, 316L, and 303 require grade-specific passivation parameters. The solution system, temperature, time, and acceptance method should match each alloy's composition and inclusion characteristics.<\/p><\/div><\/details>\n        <details><summary>Can aluminum alloys be passivated?<\/summary><div><p>Aluminum alloys can receive Alodine or chromium-free chemical conversion coatings for corrosion protection, paint adhesion, and low electrical contact resistance. The process follows MIL-DTL-5541, ASTM B449, or the customer drawing.<\/p><\/div><\/details>\n        <details><summary>Which surface treatments can be combined with passivation?<\/summary><div><p>Passivation can be combined with pickling, mechanical polishing, electropolishing, and ultrasonic cleaning. Oxide removal, polishing, and cleaning are normally completed before passivation, rinsing, drying, and final inspection.<\/p><\/div><\/details>\n        <details><summary>How should passivated parts be cleaned and maintained?<\/summary><div><p>Clean passivated parts with a neutral detergent, clean water, and non-abrasive materials, then dry them thoroughly. Use clean tools and separate packaging during storage and assembly to prevent contact with carbon-steel particles and chloride contamination.<\/p><\/div><\/details>\n        <details><summary>Does passivation affect electrical conductivity?<\/summary><div><p>Passivation does not change the bulk conductivity of the metal, but the surface oxide or conversion film can increase contact resistance. Drawings should specify the permitted resistance for grounding, terminals, and EMI contact surfaces; aluminum parts can use a MIL-DTL-5541 Class 3 low-contact-resistance conversion coating.<\/p><\/div><\/details>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"quote-panel\">\n        <div><p class=\"eyebrow light\">REQUEST A QUOTE<\/p><h2>Send Us Your Passivation Requirements<\/h2><p>Submit the drawing, material, quantity, applicable standard, inspection requirements, and target delivery date for a manufacturing and passivation proposal.<\/p><\/div>\n        <a class=\"button button-light\" href=\"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/file-upload\/\">Upload Drawings<\/a>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CNC Stainless Steel Finishing Passivation Passivation improves the corrosion resistance and surface cleanliness of Custom stainless steel parts. Get a Quote PROCESS CAPABILITIES Key Passivation Capabilities Before quoting, we confirm the material, heat treatment condition, contamination type, applicable standard, acceptance method, and lead time. Item Capability Core materials 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 303, 410, 420, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10198,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15073","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15073","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15073"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15073\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15077,"href":"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15073\/revisions\/15077"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/weldomachining.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15073"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}